Observations from unperturbed closed loop systems cannot indicate causality
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
Directional coherence disentangles causality within the sensorimotor loop, but cannot open the loop.
More and more studies indicate that corticomuscular coherence in the beta band (15–30 Hz), which expresses the functional coupling between the cortex and the muscles, originates from the interaction within the sensorimotor loop (e.g. Witham et al. 2011). The phase of the corticomuscular coherence expresses the relative time–frequency relationship and is often explained as to result from the eff...
متن کاملLearning open-loop from closed-loop control
This paper explores an evolution from closed-loop control to open-loop control for a planar manipula-tor. A reinforcement learning strategy is used to learn the open-loop commands from the closed-loop control. The goal is to produce a motion using purely open-loop control strategy, thereby eliminating the need for inter-link communication and on-line control computations. Initially closed loop ...
متن کاملOn System Identification Using the Closed-Loop Observations
The aim of the given paper is development of a joint input-output approach and its comparison with a direct one in the case of an additive correlated noise acting on the output of the system (Fig. 1), when the prediction error method is applied to solve the closed-loop identification problem by processing observations. In the case of the known regulator, the two-stage method, which belongs to t...
متن کاملOpen-loop and Closed-loop Optimization of Linear Control Systems
A canonical optimal control problem for linear systems with timevarying coefficients is considered in the class of discrete controls. On the basis of linear programming methods, two primal and two dual methods of constructing optimal open-loop controls are proposed. A method of synthesis of optimal feedback control is described. Results are illustrated by a fourth-order problem; estimates of ef...
متن کاملModifier Adaptation for Constrained Closed-Loop Systems
The steady advance of computational methods makes model-based optimization an increasingly attractive method for process improvement. Unfortunately, the available models are often inaccurate. An iterative optimization method called “modifier adaptation” overcomes this obstacle by incorporating process information into the optimization framework. This paper extends this technique to constrained ...
متن کاملذخیره در منابع من
با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید
ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: The Journal of Physiology
سال: 2005
ISSN: 0022-3751
DOI: 10.1113/jphysiol.2005.569001